HIV Life Assurance & HIV Life Insurance is available to people in the UK …

Unusual Risks are the UK’s leading financial advisers arranging Life Assurance or Life Insurance for people living with HIV.

What is also commonly known as HIV Life Assurance or HIV Life Insurance was introduced into the market place in 2009 and has proven extremely popular for people looking to protect their Mortgages, Families, Children and Businesses.

Our Lead Financial Adviser Chris Morgan led a 10 year campaign (1999 to 2009) to persuade the Insurance Industry to offer Life Assurance to people with HIV. He now spends most of his time arranging either Family Life Insurance or Mortgage Life Assurance for HIV Positive people who contact his office for help and advice.

Family Life Insurance – Life Assurance and/or Life Insurance is cover that pays out a lump sum to provide security for your family or loved ones should you die. This type of Insurance is also sometimes referred to as Level Term Assurance. 

Mortgage Life Assurance – Life Assurance and/or Life Insurance is cover that pays out a lump sum to repay a Mortgage debt should you die. This type of Insurance is also sometimes referred to as Decreasing Term Assurance.

Here’s an example of a recent client that Chris has helped to find insurance cover  – Loretta (Aged 48) is a Nurse who required Life Insurance to protect her mortgage …

Loretta Said …

“I currently have a mortgage in place for £210,000 and would like to protect both myself and my family against potential problems in the future. I have one daughter aged 18 and I would like the security of knowing that she is looked after should anything happen to me”.

Loretta Continued …

“I would like to know more about Life Assurance and protecting my mortgage should I die. I’m currently taking medication, my CD4 count is strong and my viral load has been undetectable for the last two years”.

Every week people still contact our office not realising that they can still apply for Life Assurance even though they are HIV Positive. The Life Assurance industry repeatedly told the HIV Community that we were uninsurable for over two decades, so it is not surprising that many people still think they are not able to get Life Assurance.

The UK Insurance Industry discriminated against the HIV Community for many years, but all of this changed in 2009. Life Insurance products are now available at both realistic and accessible premiums to people who are are taking their medication and have both a stable CD4 Count and Viral Load.

And Loretta?

We arranged HIV Life Assurance for Loretta on her new mortgage for £210,000 after showing her a number of options ranging from £190,000 to £250,000. We always tailor any Life Insurance policy to meet our client’s individual needs and affordability.

If you require more information on HIV Life Assurance, HIV Life Insurance, HIV Mortgages or Hepatitis C Life Assurance, Hepatitis C Life Insurance, Hepatitis C Mortgages you can contact Unusual Risks Mortgage & Insurance Services on 0845 474 3075, or email at Enquiries@unusualrisks.co.uk or on the web at http://www.unusualrisks.co.uk/

Posted in HIV Life Assurance, HIV Life Insurance, HIV Mortgages, Unusual Risks | Comments closed

National Diversity Awards 2015 …

Unusual Risks are very proud to announce that we have been nominated for a National Diversity Award. http://www.nationaldiversityawards.co.uk/

We are included in the category of “Diverse Company of The Year” for our work relating to HIV and Insurance and our campaign to secure the improved treatment of HIV Positive people by the Insurance Industry.

Unusual Risks are currently campaigning to secure Income Protection and Critical Illness Cover for HIV Positive people.

You can show your support for our nomination and vote for us here !

https://nominate.nationaldiversityawards.co.uk/Nominate/endorse/25746

If you require more information on HIV Life Assurance, HIV Life Insurance, HIV Mortgages or Hepatitis C Life Assurance, Hepatitis C Life Insurance, Hepatitis C Mortgages you can contact Unusual Risks Mortgage & Insurance Services on 0845 474 3075, or email at Enquiries@unusualrisks.co.uk or on the web at http://www.unusualrisks.co.uk/

Posted in Critical Illness Cover, HIV Life Assurance, HIV Life Insurance, Income Protection, Unusual Risks | Comments closed

Could IPP & CIC be possible for HIV Positive people? …

Unusual Risks, the medical financial advisers are today announcing the second part of their survey into the Income Protection and Critical Illness Cover needs of the HIV Community. In a recent study they established that 90% of respondents would consider taking out Income Protection or Critical Illness Cover if it became available in the market place.

They are today releasing findings that suggest the UK Insurance Industry should consider offering Income Protection and Critical Illness Cover to people living with HIV. In their latest study Unusual Risks established that 89% of respondents had taken less than 7 days off work in the last year due to sickness, with 74% reporting they had taken less than the national average of 4 days or less.

Speaking about their survey, Chris Morgan, Lead Financial Adviser of Unusual Risks said;

‘Over the last 12 months we have been conducting a detailed survey into the time taken off work by HIV Positive People due to sickness and illness. The survey was conducted at the heart of the HIV Community through the readership of Baseline Magazine and holders of HIV Life Assurance policies that had been taken out since the products were introduced in 2009’.

‘Since the new Life Insurance products were launched HIV Positive people have been able to protect their mortgages, families, children, partners and businesses. It is now time to consider if other financial products such as Income Protection and Critical Illness Cover could be offered to people living with HIV?’.

‘The intention of this survey is to bring attention to the positive effects that HIV medications have had on the work and long term sickness records of HIV Positive people in the UK. We would like to encourage the UK insurance Industry to enter into a dialogue over these issues with appropriate stakeholders from within the HIV Community’.

The Unusual Risks survey came up with several other interesting statistics that could be useful for assessing if IPP and CIC products could be offered within the HIV Community. 90% of respondents reported that the duration of their sickness had not been for more than 7 days and 87% reporting they had either not been off work, or their sickness was not HIV related.

Chris Morgan the lead financial adviser at Unusual Risks led the campaign that resulted in the introduction of Life Assurance for HIV positive people in the UK. He was part of the Working Group that co-wrote the HIV and Insurance guidelines used by insurers and he was also responsible for the removal of the Gay Question from Life Assurance proposals back in 2005.

Read the media responses here …

The Actuary – “Insurers urged to offer more cover to HIV Positive People”

http://www.theactuary.com/news/2015/04/insurers-urged-to-offer-more-cover-to-hiv-positive-people/

Cover Magazine – “Substantial growth in interest for IP & CI amongst HIV Positive People”

http://www.covermagazine.co.uk/cover/news/2405827/substantial-growth-in-interest-for-ip-and-ci-among-hiv-positive-people

If you require more information on HIV Life Assurance, HIV Life Insurance, HIV Mortgages or Hepatitis C Life Assurance, Hepatitis C Life Insurance, Hepatitis C Mortgages you can contact Unusual Risks Mortgage & Insurance Services on 0845 474 3075, or email at Enquiries@unusualrisks.co.uk or on the web at http://www.unusualrisks.co.uk/

Posted in Critical Illness Cover, HIV Life Assurance, HIV Life Insurance, HIV Mortgages, Income Protection, Unusual Risks | Comments closed

Life Assurance and Critical Illness Cover for people living with HIV …

Unusual Risks the UK’s leading HIV Life Assurance advisers are currently campaigning to secure Income Protection and Critical Illness Cover for people living with HIV …

Campaigning on behalf of the HIV Community is not something new for Unusual Risks and in particular our lead financial adviser Chris Morgan, who campaigned for over 10 years (1999 to 2009) to secure Life Assurance for people with HIV. During that campaign Chris was part of the Insurance Industry Working Group that designed the Life Insurance products that are available to people with HIV today.

He also represented “The Consumer” in the difficult negotiations that took place between stakeholders from within the HIV Community and the UK Insurance Industry, ensuring that the premiums and terms under which products were offered were both fair and respectful.

Over the last six years since the Launch of HIV Life Assurance there has been a steadily increase in interest from the HIV Community in other types of Personal Insurances such as Income Protection and Critical Illness Cover, this is especially the case when HIV positive people are taking out Life Assurance to protect their Mortgage.

Here’s and example where Renato (Aged 46) recently approached us for Life Assurance and Critical Illness Cover.

Renato Said …

‘I’ve recently bought a new property and would like to take out Life Assurance and Critical Illness Cover to protect my new mortgage. I’m really not sure what types of Insurance are available and I find it difficult to talk about my HIV Status with my bank who is also my mortgage lender’.

Renato Continued …

‘My CD4 Count is very strong, my viral load is undetectable and I’ve been on medication for over two years.  My priority now is to make sure that my partner and home are protected should I either die, or suffer from a long term serious Illness’.

Here’s the latest situation with regards to personal insurances for the HIV Community.

Unusual Risks have recently started to release research into the Income Protection and Critical Illness Cover needs of the HIV Community. Recently we published that 90% of HIV Positive people now would consider IPP or CIC if it were available in the market place.

Many of the people that have contacted Unusual Risks for Life Assurance since the launch of HIV Life Assurance have also asked us for either Income Protection and Critical Illness. This demonstrates that there is a clear insurable need for these types of products, so stay tuned for more statistics and research as we publish them.

And Renato?

We arranged HIV Life Assurance for Renato on his new mortgage after discussing the options available to him, that unfortunately did not include Critical Illness Cover at this moment in time. We have promised to keep Renato informed of any developments in our Campaign to secure Income Protection and Critical Illness for HIV Positive people as they happen.

You can follow the campaign by reading Chris Morgan’s resident column in Baseline Magazine or by visiting us at our new Facebook Campaign Page Unusual Risks Mortgage & Insurance Services. We would be very interested to hear your views and comments about Mortgages or Insurance for positive people.

If you require more information on HIV Life Assurance, HIV Life Insurance, HIV Mortgages or Hepatitis C Life Assurance, Hepatitis C Life Insurance, Hepatitis C Mortgages you can contact Unusual Risks Mortgage & Insurance Services on 0845 474 3075, or email at Enquiries@unusualrisks.co.uk or on the web at http://www.unusualrisks.co.uk/

 

Posted in Critical Illness Cover, HIV Life Assurance, HIV Life Insurance, HIV Mortgages, Income Protection, Unusual Risks | Comments closed

90% of HIV Positive People Would Consider Income Protection or Critical Illness Cover …

Unusual Risks, the medical financial advisers are today announcing the first part of the results of their survey into the Income Protection and Critical Illness needs of the HIV Community. In this latest survey they have established that 90% of respondents would consider taking out Income Protection or Critical Illness Cover if it became available in the market place.

The figure of 90% is a substantial increase on a figure of 61% that was included in a previous survey conducted earlier last year. Since last year’s survey Unusual Risks have launched a campaign to raise awareness around the issue and to gauge the potential interest for these types of financial products within the HIV Community.

Speaking about their survey, Chris Morgan, Lead Financial Adviser of Unusual Risks said;

‘Since the introduction of HIV Life Assurance in 2009 we have received a steady flow of enquiries from HIV Positive people about other types of personal insurances such Income Protection and Critical Illness Cover’.

‘Income Protection and Critical Illness Cover are currently unavailable to people with HIV, which is a very similar to the situation that I was faced with when HIV Positive people were asking me for Life Insurance products back in 1999′.

‘Many people will be aware that the campaign for HIV Life Assurance ran for nearly a decade before Insurance companies agreed to offer life Assurance to people with HIV. It is my belief that people with HIV should be offered the same financial opportunities as any other group of people.’

Unusual Risks decided to run the extended study following their HIV Life Assurance Survey in 2014, where they established that 0% of UK Insurance companies offered any form of Income Protection or Critical Illness Cover to HIV Positive people. In that same survey they established that 70% of Insurance providers now offer some form of Life Assurance for people living with HIV.

Chris Morgan the lead financial adviser at Unusual Risks led the campaign that resulted in the introduction of Life Assurance for HIV positive people. He was part of the Working Group that co-wrote the HIV and Insurance guidelines used by insurers today and was also responsible for the removal of the the Gay Question from Life Assurance proposals back in 2005.

Unusual Risks have this week received great coverage for their latest press release in the Financial Times – FT ADVISER …

http://www.ftadviser.com/2015/03/05/insurance/people-with-hiv-still-missing-out-on-some-insurance-products-07SbZZUT90uRn6IQLR06lK/article.html

If you require more information on HIV Life Assurance, HIV Life Insurance, HIV Mortgages or Hepatitis C Life Assurance, Hepatitis C Life Insurance, Hepatitis C Mortgages you can contact Unusual Risks Mortgage & Insurance Services on 0845 474 3075, or email at Enquiries@unusualrisks.co.uk or on the web at http://www.unusualrisks.co.uk/

Posted in Critical Illness Cove, HIV Life Assurance, HIV Life Insurance, Income Protection, Unusual Risks | Comments closed

HIV Life Assurance and HIV Life Insurance … Income Protection and Critical Illness Cover

Unusual Risks have recently launched a campaign to secure Income Protection and Critical Illness for people living with HIV. In their HIV Life Assurance Survey in 2014 we established that 70% of UK Insurers offered Life Assurance and 0% of UK insurance companies offer any Income Protection or Critical Illness Cover to HIV Positive people.

In response to this we have recently completed a more detailed survey, which has focused specifically on the IPP and CIC needs of the HIV Community. Throughout 2015 we will be publishing statistics from this survey to raise awareness and to encourage the UK Insurance industry to look at these issues seriously.

We have found that many more HIV Positive people are now asking us for IPP and CIC, alongside the Life Assurance that we are arranging for them.

Here’s an example where Richard (Aged 34) and Brian (Aged 32) recently approached us for Insurance to protect their mortgage.

Richard Said …

“I’ve recently taken a new mortgage for £200,000 and would like to take out Life Assurance for both myself and my partner Brian. I’m HIV Positive and my partner is HIV Negative, so I’m not sure how easy it would be to get Life Insurance for both of us?

Richard Continued …

“We would also like to know about any possibilities for protecting our mortgage in the event of serious illness. Income Protection and Critical Illness Cover seem to be mentioned a lot when talking about Mortgages, so we’d like to know more about these products?”.

Here’s the latest situation with regards to personal insurances for the HIV Community.

We believe that it is a human right for HIV positive people to be able to protect their homes, mortgages, families, businesses and incomes with both Life Assurance and Personal Insurances like IPP and CIC. Over the coming months we will be releasing more key statistics that will support our campaign to secure IPP and CIC for the HIV Community.

And Richard & Brian? …

We arranged HIV Life Assurance for Richard who is HIV positive, which allowed him to complete the mortgage and buy their new home. We also arranged Life Assurance with Critical Illness Cover, along with Income Protection for his partner Brian who is HIV Negative.

You can follow the campaign by reading Chris Morgan’s resident column in Baseline Magazine or by visiting us at our new Facebook Campaign Page Unusual Risks Mortgage & Insurance Services. We would be very interested to hear your views and comments about Mortgages or Insurance for positive people.

If you require more information on HIV Life Assurance, HIV Life Insurance, HIV Mortgages or Hepatitis C Life Assurance, Hepatitis C Life Insurance, Hepatitis C Mortgages you can contact Unusual Risks Mortgage & Insurance Services on 0845 474 3075, or email at Enquiries@unusualrisks.co.uk or on the web at http://www.unusualrisks.co.uk/

Posted in Critical Illness Cove, HIV Life Assurance, HIV Life Insurance, HIV Mortgages, Income Protection | Comments closed

How HIV Life Assurance has changed the finances of the HIV Community in the UK? …

Unusual Risks would like to share with you some of the ways that HIV Life Assurance has enabled HIV Positive people in the UK to improve their financial situations.

From a position where many types of financial goals were difficult and in some cases impossible to achieve, there are now many new opportunities available to people with HIV in the UK.

Imagine what further improvements could made if similar to Life Assurance the UK Insurance Industry decided to take the bold step of providing Income Protection and Critical Illness Cover for people with HIV.

These are some of the good things that have happened since life assurance was introduced in 2009.

Mortgages – 70% of HIV Life Assurance is taken to protect a mortgage, so that family and loved ones can stay in a property should the worst happen.

Family and Partners – 30% of HIV Life Assurance is taken to protect families and partners providing financial security to surviving partners and dependent children.

Businesses – HIV Positive people are now able to protect their commercial interests, such as business mortgages and loans that normally require Life Assurance as a condition of lending.

Child Trust Funds – By far the most important of all these is that parents are now able to write HIV Life Assurance policies and place them into a trust fund for their children.

The HIV Community are increasingly becoming aware of other Insurances that exist in the UK.

Every week HIV Positive people phone my office asking for Income Protection and/or Critical Illness Cover that is currently unavailable to them. These people are normally looking to protect their mortgage payments, or their regular monthly income in the event of long term illness.

Unusual Risks are now actively campaigning to secure IPP and CIC products for people with HIV and have recently completed research that supports our campaign. Throughout 2015 we will be publishing these statistics and raising these issues within the UK insurance industry.

How You Can Help …

We are asking for your help to increase awareness of our campaign and to raise public opinion around this issue. We’re asking you to share our postings with your friends and make comments on the findings of our research as we release them into the community.

Please join us by liking our campaign page …

https://www.facebook.com/pages/Unusual-Risks-Mortgage-Insurance-Services/559801650787699?fref=ts

If you require more information on HIV Life Assurance, HIV Life Insurance, HIV Mortgages or Hepatitis C Life Assurance, Hepatitis C Life Insurance, Hepatitis C Mortgages you can contact Unusual Risks Mortgage & Insurance Services on 0845 474 3075, or email at Enquiries@unusualrisks.co.uk or on the web at http://www.unusualrisks.co.uk/

Posted in HIV Life Assurance, HIV Mortgages, Unusual Risks | Comments closed

Unusual Risks Offer Insurance Advice to People Living With HTLV-1 …

Unusual Risks are best known for their ground breaking work arranging Life Assurance and Mortgages for people living with HIV …

Chris Morgan their Lead Financial adviser led a 10 year campaign to persuade the Insurance industry to insure HIV positive people and was part of the Working Group that helped to create HIV Life Assurance.

Over the year’s Chris has helped many under represented groups of people find Insurance and Mortgage products, with many successes over the years for clients from the LGBT, HIV, Hepatitis, Expatriate, Cryonics and recently the HTLV-1 communities.

Here’s a recent example of where he arranged Critical Illness Cover for someone living with HTLV-1 who was told they were uninsurable!

I would like to share with you a recent case example that illustrates how the insurance industry can exclude people applying for Insurance and in particular Critical Illness Cover, even though they are in fact completely insurable.

The client in question approached me after being declined by every single Life Insurance provider in the UK, for both Life Assurance and Critical Illness Cover. They had been diagnosed with the virus HTLV-1 four years ago, which was used as a reason for the Insurers to decline their application.

My client explained the reasons that the Insurer’s blanket exclusion did not make sense and presented me with clear medical data to support their position. On presenting this evidence to one of my leading insurers it quickly became clear that the client was indeed insurable.

However, they were only offered Life Assurance, without any Critical Illness Cover. Once again my client presented me with supportive evidence to suggest that this stance did not make sense, which again helped us to overturn the decision.

My client was then offered Life Assurance and Critical Illness Cover, with a full exclusion for Cancer related claims. Once again my client was unhappy with this decision and provided yet more medical evidence that proved the insurer’s decision did not make sense.

Finally, the insurance company offered my client Life Assurance with full Critical Illness Cover, which was quite unbelievable considering only a few weeks before they had been told they were completely uninsurable.

Unusual Risks are specialist insurance advisers for people living with unusual medical conditions.

If you require more information on Life Insurance and Mortgages for people living with HTLV-1, HIV, Hepatitis or any other unusual medical condition you can contact Unusual Risks Mortgage & Insurance Services on 0845 474 3075, or email at Enquiries@unusualrisks.co.uk or on the web at http://www.unusualrisks.co.uk/ 

Please join our Facebook campaign to secure Income Protection and Critical Illness Cover for HIV positive

https://www.facebook.com/pages/Unusual-Risks-Mortgage-Insurance-Services/559801650787699

Posted in Cryonics and Insurance, HIV Life Assurance, HTLV-1, Uncategorized, Unusual Risks | Comments closed

Unusual Risks launch campaign to secure Income Protection and Critical Illness Cover for people with HIV …

Unusual Risks have launched their campaign to secure Income Protection and Critical Illness Cover For People Living With HIV.

Back in 1999 it was unthinkable for people living with HIV to be offered Life Insurance. The Insurance industry was still asking perceived higher risk groups to take a compulsory HIV test and there was absolutely zero appetite from the Insurance industry for insuring a medical condition that was considered to be a major threat to their profitability.

It took a further six years for the Insurance industry to agree to finally consider Chris Morgan’s case for stopping the targeting of gay men with HIV tests and agreeing to treat HIV as a global issue effecting people from all walks of life. It is hard to believe that through until 2005 the Insurance industry still mostly viewed HIV as a gay issue – but it is true.

Within the HIV and Insurance Guidelines that came into effect in 2005, he also asked for commitment from the Insurance industry to offer Life Insurance to people living with HIV. It then took a further four years of consultation and negotiations for the first HIV Life Insurance products to finally be available to the consumer in 2009.

From what appeared to be an impossible position back in 1999, we now have seven mainstream insurance providers that offer Life Insurance for people with HIV. This of course has led to HIV people protecting their families and mortgages and an amazing increase in an awareness of different insurance products within the HIV community.

We are now receiving literally scores of requests for Income protection and Critical Illness Cover which is a very similar situation to the one that he faced in 1999. Also similar to 1999, there currently appears to be little or no appetite from Insurance Companies to look at Income Protection and Critical Illness Cover products for people with HIV.

This of course needs to change! So, for this reason we have decided to start a campaign asking for the Insurance industry to take the issues around Income Protection and Critical Illness seriously. In 2015 we plan to address this issue directly with the Insurance industry and we will keep you updated of developments as they happen.

You can keep up to date with the campaign by visiting the new Unusual Risks Facebook page … Please join our campaign by “Liking” their page !!!

https://www.facebook.com/pages/Unusual-Risks-Mortgage-Insurance-Services/559801650787699

Unusual Risks and their HIV Life Assurance Survey 2014 have recently been featured in Cover Magazine and on the website My So Called Gay life  …

http://m.covermagazine.nqlnginx.incbase.net/cover/news/2375250/more-insurers-offer-life-cover-for-people-with-hiv

http://mysocalledgaylife.co.uk/pub/2014/10/13/hiv-life-assurance-survey-2014/

If you require more information on HIV Life Assurance, HIV Life Insurance, HIV Mortgages or Hepatitis C Life Assurance, Hepatitis C Life Insurance, Hepatitis C Mortgages you can contact Unusual Risks Mortgage & Insurance Services on 0845 474 3075, or email at Enquiries@unusualrisks.co.uk or on the web at http://www.unusualrisks.co.uk/ 

Posted in HIV Life Assurance, HIV Mortgages, Unusual Risks | Comments closed

HIV Life Assurance Survey 2014 …

Unusual Risks, the medical financial advisers are today announcing the results of their HIV Life Assurance Survey 2014. After contacting all of the major Life Assurance providers in the UK, they can report that 70% of insurers are now offering some form of HIV Life Assurance.

This is the fourth year that Unusual Risks have surveyed the availability of HIV Life Assurance in the UK, with the earliest survey result in 2011 indicating only 50% of insurance providers were offering any form of HIV Life Assurance.

This year Unusual Risks have expanded their survey to find out more about the availability of Income Protection and Critical Illness Cover to people living with HIV. They have also looked at the number of HIV Positive People that would consider taking out such policies if they became available.

Speaking about their survey, Chris Morgan, Lead Financial Adviser of Unusual Risks said;

‘We recently surveyed the top ten life assurance groups servicing brokers and were delighted to see that 70% of companies are still offering Life Assurance to HIV Positive people. It is encouraging to see a wide range of Life Assurance products available to the HIV community’.

‘Unusual Risks are constantly working with insurance providers to create better products and services for the HIV community. In this year’s survey we also decided to look at the availability of Income Protection Insurance and Critical Illness Cover to people with HIV’.

‘We are now receiving regular enquiries about the availability of Income Protection and Critical Illness Cover from HIV Positive people. However, we are still unable to offer these types of products to people living with HIV as they are unavailable in the market place’.

In this year’s HIV Insurance Survey Unusual Risks established that currently 0% of the major Insurance companies surveyed currently offered any form of Income Protection Insurance or Critical Illness Cover to people already diagnosed with HIV.

In a further part of their survey Unusual Risks established that 61% of people living with HIV would consider taking out some form of Income Protection or Critical Illness Cover if it was made available to them in the market place.

Chris Morgan at Unusual Risks led the campaign for the introduction of HIV life Assurance from 1999 through to its introduction in 2009. He believes that it’s now time the UK Insurance industry take a serious look at providing Income Protection and Critical Illness Cover for people with HIV.

If you require more information on HIV Life Assurance, HIV Life Insurance, HIV Mortgages or Hepatitis C Life Assurance, Hepatitis C Life Insurance, Hepatitis C Mortgages you can contact Unusual Risks Mortgage & Insurance Services on 0845 474 3075, or email at Enquiries@unusualrisks.co.uk or on the web at http://www.unusualrisks.co.uk/

Posted in HIV Life Assurance, HIV Mortgages, Unusual Risks | Comments closed